Chronology of Ancient Egypt
(All dates before 664 B. C. are approximate. Writing first appears in Egypt in 3100 B.C.)

Dynasties: The 3rd century B.C. historian Manetho divided the kings of Egypt before Alexander the Great into thirty groups called "dynasties" (from the Greek word dunamis, "power").

Predynastic Period, followed by the 0th Dynasty: 4500-2920

Early Dynastic Period: 2920-2575
Dynasties 1-3

Old Kingdom: 2575-2134
Dynasties 4-8

First Intermediate Period: 2134-2040
Dynasties 9-11

Middle Kingdom: 2040-1640
Dynasties 11 (unified Egypt) -13

Second Intermediate Period: 1640-1532
Dynasties 14-17

New Kingdom: 1550-1070
Dynasties 18 - (Ramesside Period) 20

Third Intermediate Period: 1070-712
Dynasties 21-25

Late Period: 712-332
Dynasties 25-30

Greco-Roman Period: 332 B.C. - A.D. 395
Macedonian Dynasty 332-304 B.C.
Ptolemaic Dynasty 304-30 B.C.
Roman Period 30 B.C. - A.D. 395


Coptic Period: A.D. 395-639